Legionella is a waterborne pathogen responsible for causing Legionnaires’ disease. To date, more than 60 species of Legionella have been identified, with over 90% of reported cases attributed to Legionella pneumophila. The most common sources of exposure leading to Legionnaires’ disease are potable water systems, accounting for 56% of cases, and cooling towers, which make up 22%. Studies have shown that Legionella is present in approximately one out of every two buildings.

Transmission occurs through aerosolization or aspiration of contaminated water. For an individual to contract Legionnaires’ disease, three conditions must be met: the presence of Legionella bacteria in a water source, exposure to that source in a way that allows water to enter the lungs, and a host with conditions that make them susceptible to infection.

Legionella in cooling towers and facility water systems is primarily caused by conditions that promote bacterial growth, such as water temperatures between 25°C and 45°C (77°F to 113°F), with optimal growth around 38°C (100.4°F). Stagnant water, biofilm formation on surfaces, and insufficient disinfection create an ideal environment for the bacteria to thrive. Other contributing factors include sediment buildup, plumbing materials prone to biofilm colonization, and disturbances like construction or pressure changes that introduce contaminants into the system. Poor maintenance of complex water systems further exacerbates the risk, making regular monitoring and a robust water management program essential for prevention.

At IWC Innovations, we have a 3-step process, which involves:

• Step 1: Control the Spread of Legionella
• Step 2: Analyze Your Water Samples and Apply Treatment
• Step 3: Post-Sanitization Support

Hyperchlorination treatment can reduce Legionella by 99% or more if properly executed, but it may not fully eradicate bacteria in biofilms or dead legs. Post-treatment, retest water samples after 48-72 hours and again in 1-2 weeks to confirm success, adjusting the water management plan to prevent regrowth.

We’re equipped to respond quickly and efficiently, ensuring your needs are addressed promptly to minimize downtime, reduce risk, and keep your operations running smoothly.